South Asia is facing a severe HIV epidemic in magnitude and scope, with an estimated 5.5 million people infected.

At least 60 per cent of HIV positive people in Asia live in India alone.

The epidemic is not homogenous and requires well informed, prioritized and effective responses.

This report attempts to provide the basis for rigorous, evidence-informed HIV policy and programming and to increase understanding of the diversity of the epidemic between and within the countries of the South Asia region.